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3D Printing Design Guide

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3D Printing Design Guide

3D Printing Design Guide & File Preparation

This guide outlines how to design parts for reliable, repeatable 3D printing.

It covers file preparation, tolerances, geometry rules, and common design pitfalls to ensure accurate prints and predictable results across different materials.

Supported File Formats

  • STL (preferred for direct printing)
  • STEP / STP (preferred for complex or critical parts)
  • Units must be supplied in millimetres (mm)
  • Files must be watertight and manifold

Design note:
STEP files allow geometry validation before slicing and are recommended for production parts.

Dimensional Accuracy & Tolerances
  • Typical tolerance: ±0.2 mm

  • Larger parts may require additional allowance

  • Holes should be designed 0.2–0.4 mm oversized

  • Press-fit and sliding parts require clearance

Orientation matters: Accuracy varies by axis due to layer stacking.

PETG — tough, flexible, practical

Recommended minimums:

  • PLA / PETG: 1.2–1.6 mm

  • ABS / Nylon: 1.6–2.0 mm

  • Carbon-filled: 2.0 mm+

Design for strength using geometry, not infill alone.
Avoid thin unsupported walls and long cantilevers.

Wall Thickness & Structural Design

Recommended minimums:

PLA / PETG: 1.2–1.6 mm

ABS / Nylon: 1.6–2.0 mm

Carbon-filled: 2.0 mm+

Design for strength using geometry, not infill alone.

Avoid thin unsupported walls and long cantilevers.

Orientation, Layers & Strength
  • Strength is highest within layers

  • Weakest point is between layers

  • Load-bearing parts must be oriented correctly

  • Cosmetic surfaces should face upward where possible

Overhangs & Supports
  • Unsupported overhangs up to 45°

  • Bridges depend on span length and material

  • Supports may affect surface finish

  • Enclosed voids that trap supports should be avoided

Threads, Inserts & Fasteners
  • Printed threads are suitable for light use

  • Heat-set inserts recommended for repeated assembly

  • Self-tapping screws work best in PETG and ABS

  • Design bosses thicker than surrounding walls

Artboard 1@0.75x 2

Material selection help

Pick the right material for your job

Every filament behaves differently. We quote by material, print profile, and part requirements — so you get predictable outcomes across one-offs and repeat runs. Use the guide below to choose a material, or upload your model and we’ll advise.

  • Strength vs stiffness
    Carbon-filled materials increase stiffness; nylon increases toughness. If you need impact resistance, don’t default to “strongest” — pick the right failure mode.

  • Heat and environment
    If the part lives near engines, electronics, or in sunlight, material choice matters more than infill. Tell us the temperature range and exposure.

  • Fit and tolerances
    Tight fits need clearance planning. Different materials shrink and warp differently. We’ll advise on clearances for holes, threads, and mating faces.

  • Surface finish
    Need cosmetic? Choose materials that sand/finish cleanly. Need grip? Textured materials can help. Need smooth? We can recommend orientations and post-processing.

Accurate. Repeatable. Production-ready.

Design & File Preparation FAQs

What file types do you accept?

We accept STL and STEP files. STEP files are preferred for complex or tolerance-critical parts as they retain true geometry.

Should holes be designed to final size?

No. Printed holes typically print slightly undersized. We recommend allowing clearance or post-processing where precision is required.

What wall thickness should I design for?

As a general guide, walls should be no thinner than 1.2–1.6 mm depending on material. Thicker walls improve strength and print reliability.

Do you offer CAD or design support?

Yes. We provide in-house CAD design and modification services, including design for additive manufacturing (DfAM).

How should parts be oriented for printing?

Orientation affects strength, surface finish, and accuracy. Parts should be designed with load direction and layer adhesion in mind.

Accurate. Repeatable. Production-ready.

what people are saying

Feedback from customers choosing materials for performance-critical parts.

quotes dark

Edinburgh Banners handled the full CAD design and prototyping of a custom reeler system for a racing yacht. Initial prototypes were printed in PLA to validate geometry, followed by carbon-filled prints for strength testing. The final designs were then used to produce moulds, with no dimensional issues between prototype and production.

Project Lead — High-Performance Racing Yacht

quotes dark

We needed custom electrical enclosures and connector housings for a high-performance racing car, with tight space constraints and heat considerations. The parts were printed accurately first time, fitted exactly as intended, and held up under testing. Being able to iterate quickly without tooling saved significant time on the install.

Robert Dryden – Motorsport / electrical enclosures

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